About COSMIN

COSMIN develops methodology and practical tools for selecting the most suitable outcome measurement instrument.

COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments

COSMIN is an initiative of an international multidisciplinary team of researchers with a background in epidemiology, psychometrics, medicine, qualitative research, and health care, who have expertise in the development and evaluation of outcome measurement instruments.

Mission statement

The mission of COSMIN is to improve health measurement and the selection of outcome measurement instruments of health outcomes. We develope and encourage the use of transparent methodology for conducting studies on measurement instruments and selecting the most suitable outcome measurement instrument in research and clinical practice.

We aim to improve the quality of studies on measurement properties by developing methodology and practical tools for assessing measurement properties, and we call for standardization of outcomes and outcome measurement instruments by developing core outcome sets (COS).

Goals

Advance the science and application of health outcome measurement
Develop new and update existing methodology and practical tools for the selection and use of outcome measurement instruments for research and clinical practice
Monitor and maintain the scientific quality of COSMIN tools
Encourage widespread adoption of the COSMIN methodology
CAll for standardization of outcomes and outcome measurement instruments by developing Core Outcome Sets (COS) and COS methodology

Background information about COSMIN

The COSMIN initiative, founded in 2005, was inspired by a lack of clarity in the literature about terminology and definitions of measurement properties, a lack of evidence on the measurement properties of many outcome measurement instruments, and inconsistency in methods used to determine these measurement properties. Therefore, we developed a consensus-based taxonomy including definitions of the nine measurement properties, and consensus-based standards for assessing the quality of studies on measurement properties.

Numerous outcome measurement instruments exist; many instruments aim to measure the same construct and were developed for the same patient population, and still new ones are being developed. So researchers and clinicians have to choose the most suitable instrument for their application.

The process of selecting outcome measurement instruments for specific purposes is complex, because of various aspects. Choices involve conceptual considerations about the definition of the construct of interest; practical aspects about costs, and the burden for patients and other people involved; and quality aspects of measurement instruments (referring to nine different measurement properties clustered in the domains reliability, validity and responsiveness). Selecting unsuitable or insufficient quality outcome measurement instruments may introduce bias in the conclusions of studies. This may lead to a waste of resources and is unethical because participating patients contribute little or nothing to the body of evidence but still suffer from the burdens and risks of the study.

To enable evidence-based selection of the most suitable outcome measurement instrument COSMIN developed methodology for conducting systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

COSMIN LEADERSHIP

Executive Board

Lidwine B. (Wieneke) MokkinkFounder and chair of COSMIN

Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, and Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Methodology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Dr. Wieneke Mokkink is assistant professor at Amsterdam UMC, and her research focuses on developing internationally accepted guidelines to support the design and reporting of studies on measurement properties (e.g. validity, reliability), as well as the conduct and reporting of systematic reviews. In addition, she published educational papers on understanding measurement instruments and their measurement properties.

As co-founder and current chair of the COSMIN community, she aims to connect researchers dedicated to improving measurement quality.

Caroline B TerweeFounder of COSMIN

Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, and Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Caroline Terwee is professor of Outcome Measurement at Amsterdam UMC. She is a world leader in the field of outcome measurement, focusing on methodology for the selection and standardization of outcome measures, for example through systematic reviews of outcome measures, Core Outcome Set development, and the validation and implementation of IRT-based PROMIS (and other) item banks.

COSMIN Task Forces

In order to help COSMIN grow as an international network organisation, we work with task forces. Each task force is run by dedicated people who are committed to connecting and learning.

COSMIN Club Hosts

Ellen ElsmanHost COSMIN Onderzoekers Club-NL

Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, and Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Dr. Ellen Elsman is a postdoctoral research fellow with a background in epidemiology and public health. During her PhD in Amsterdam, she developed and validated PROMs to assess limitations in participation and activities of children and young adults with visual impairment. After her PhD, she became affiliated with the COSMIN initiative, where she was involved in updating the guidelines on how to conduct a COSMIN systematic review of PROMs, developed an online course, and conducted such systematic reviews herself. Previously, Ellen led the development of a reporting guideline for systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments (PRISMA-COSMIN for Outcome Measurement Instruments). She is currently involved in PROM reporting guideline development projects, studies on the development and evaluation of PROMs, and systematic reviews on the measurement properties of PROMs.

Kim van der BraakHost COSMIN Onderzoekers Club-NL

Julius Center, Universoty Utrecht, the Netherlands Cochrane Netherlands

Rachel Chambers Host COSMIN Researchers Club - Europe

Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation; Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care; King’s College London, UK

Rachel Chambers is a Cicely Saunders International PhD training fellow at the Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London. Her PhD focuses on the needs and symptoms of young adults living with life-limiting conditions and using patient centred outcome measures to support their person-centred care.

Dimity DutchHost COSMIN Researchers Club - Europe

School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Ireland

Dr Dimity Dutch is a postdoctoral researcher in the School of Public Health at University College Cork in Ireland. Her background is as a dietitian, before completing her PhD at Flinders University in Adelaide, Australia where she developed and tested a screening tool to monitor and promote early childhood health behaviours in primary health care.

Dimity’s postdoctoral role is within the Standardised Measurement for Childhood Obesity Prevention (SCOPE) Project which aims to develop a Core Outcome Measurement Set to standardise the measurement of infant feeding outcomes across research, policy, and practice.

Farah Peloutodeputy Host COSMIN Onderzoekers Club - NL

Department of Neurology at Erasmus Medical Center

Farah Pelouto is a PhD candidate at the Department of Neurology at Erasmus Medical Center with a background in Clinical Psychology. Her research centers on the development and validation of a PROM set for patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Chronic Inflammatory Polyneuropathy.

Ava MehdipourHost COSMIN Researchers Club - North America

School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, Canada

Dr. Ava Mehdipour is a post-doctoral fellow at Trinity Western University, located in British Columbia, Canada. Her research focuses on the measurement of health outcomes in older adult populations, with an interest in implementing equitable people-centred measurement approaches. Ava completed her PhD at McMaster University, where she evaluated measurement properties of mobility assessments administered traditionally and virtually in community-dwelling older adults. Ava has conducted and supervised studies and systematic reviews on measurement properties of different measurement instruments using COSMIN guidelines. She has also delivered lectures on systematic reviews of measurement properties and measurement methods in clinical research for graduate courses. Ava has been involved with COSMIN projects, such as the reporting guideline for systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments (PRISMA-COSMIN) and the reporting guideline for studies on measurement properties of PROMs.

Guilherme Tavares de ArrudaHost Portuguese COSMIN Researchers Club (GEProM)

Universidade Federal de São Carlos, UFSCar, Brazil

Dr. Guilherme T. de Arruda, PhD in Physiotherapy, is a Brazilian physiotherapist by background and his research focuses on measurement properties and pelvic floor dysfunction. In his PhD, he conducted four studies on measurement properties and dysmenorrhea: a systematic review, a cross-cultural adaptation of a PROM, and the development of two PROMs to assess functioning and presenteeism. He also completed a one-year PhD internship at the Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, under the supervision of Dr. Wieneke Mokkink. His internship involved updating the COSMIN Reporting Guideline, developing an Explanation and Elaboration document for this guideline, and translating both documents into Brazilian Portuguese. His work integrates clinical practice with scientific research, promoting improved patient outcomes and the advancement of evidence-based healthcare practices.

Leticia Amaral Correa Host COSMIN Researchers Club - Australasian and host Portuguese COSMIN Researchers Club (GEProM)

Department of Chiropractic, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Sydney, Australia

Dr Leticia Correa, DSc PhD, is a physiotherapist by background and her research focuses on improving understanding of low back pain and other musculoskeletal conditions. She completed her PhD in Australia, where she developed a new questionnaire to assess knowledge and beliefs about low back pain (BacKS website). Her postdoctoral experience at Macquarie University has involved different academic experiences, such as developing further expertise in measurement properties assessment and being an academic lecturer on epidemiology and biostatistics. Her work bridges clinical practice and academic research, contributing to enhanced patient outcomes and advancing evidence-based practices in healthcare.

Amy Freeman-SandersonHost COSMIN Researchers Club - Australasia

Royal Prince Alfred Hospita; University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Dr Amy Freeman-Sanderson is a Senior Lecturer and a Certified Practicing Speech Pathologist at the University of Technology Sydney and an NHMRC Emerging Leader Fellow. She holds an Honorary Clinical Specialist Speech Pathologist appointment at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney, is an Honorary Senior Fellow in the Critical Care Division at The George Institute for Global Health, and is an Affiliate of the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University.
She has over 20 years of clinical and leadership experience in quaternary and tertiary Sydney and London hospitals. Her clinically focussed international research program aims to optimise communication and swallowing outcomes for patients following critical illness. A core focus of her work is empowering and enabling patient communication in an acute setting. She has disseminated her work globally authoring over 50 publications and in the delivery of over 90 presentations.

1 .Graduate School of Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
2. Speech Pathology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
3. Critical Care Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
4. Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Silvia Lahuerta MartinHost Grupo COSMIN de Estudio de Propiedades de Medida - COSMIN GEProM (Spanish)

Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, Dukes of Soria Campus, Soria, Spain.

Silvia Lahuerta Martín, PhD, is a physiotherapist by background. She is a predoctoral researcher at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid. Her PhD focuses on the development of evidence-based treatment for adults with musculoskeletal conditions and the use of the most suitable performance-based tests and patient reported outcome measures to report the results of clinical and research applications. She completed a PhD internship at the Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), in Amsterdam, under the supervision of Dr. Wieneke Mokkink. Her internship involved conducting a systematic review on the measurement properties of PROMs using the updated COSMIN Manual (version 2.0) for systematic reviews of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures.

Clara Amat FernándezHost Grupo COSMIN de Estudio de Propiedades de Medida - COSMIN GEProM (Spanish)

Health Services Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain

Marleen VallingaHost COS (Core Outcome Set) Club

Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands

Floortje HosmanHost COS (Core Outcome Set) Club

Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands

Floortje Hosman is a PhD candidate at the Amsterdam UMC. In a collaboration with the TSC Alliance, she is working on the development of a Core Outcome Set (COS) for individuals with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC). Following development of the COS, the research project will focus on the development and validation of a Core Outcome Measure Set (COMS) for TSC-Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (TAND).

COSMIN Database

Ilse SwinkelsCOSMIN Database manager

Psychiotherapist

Dr. Ilse Swinkels initially trained as a physiotherapist, going on to complete a master’s programme in manual therapy. She was awarded a PhD for her research into pain-related anxiety in individuals experiencing acute low back pain. For this study, she developed and used a number of measurement instruments. She is experienced in writing research protocols and developing educational materials, and has taught at various levels. Since 2018, she has been involved in selecting and indexing reviews for the COSMIN database.

Janneke KeijCOSMIN Database reviewer

Dept of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Janneke Keij is a physician, epidemiologist, and vitality specialist. As a volunteer with the COSMIN taskforce, she contributes to the inclusion and indexing of systematic reviews in the COSMIN database and to updating the user manual.

Her research interests focus on lifestyle and vitality, with particular attention to motivation and justice as fundamental psychological needs.

She works at the Chivo Knowledge Institute, where the latest scientific insights on vitality, fitness, and lifestyle are translated into practical tools and training programs for professionals. In addition, she performs medical examinations at Active Living and supports clients in medically assisted weight loss at the Bodyclinic.

Ege ŞırlakoğluCOSMIN Database reviewer

BSc Psychology student, University of London
Academic direction by King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, United Kingdom

Ege Şırlakoğlu is a BSc Psychology student at the University of London, with academic direction by King’s College London’s Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience. His work centers on measurement, psychometrics, and open research practices. He has been involved in projects examining symptom-level variation in self-report scales, methodological robustness in quantitative synthesis, and cross-national variation in survey-based outcomes.

Jasmijn BaakCOSMIN Database reviewer

Dept of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Jasmijn Baak has a background in Biomedical Sciences and Neuropsychology, and is currently working as a research assistent at the PROMIS National Center in Amsterdam UMC. Her research focuses on the implementation of PROMs in Dutch hospitals, and the effect of PROM-based home-monitoring on healthcare utilization.

Within COSMIN, she contributes to indexing systematic reviews for the database.

Petra A. WarkCOSMIN Database Scientific Coordinator

Centre for Healthcare and Community Transformation, Coventry University, Coventry, UK

Petra Wark is a Professor in Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Healthcare at Coventry University, where she leads the Research Methods and Evaluation Unit. Her research focuses on epidemiology, health services research, and applied statistics, with a particular interest in the development and validation of measurement instruments and health technologies.

She has extensive experience in multidisciplinary research, including the evaluation of interventions and the application of rigorous and feasible approaches to data collection and analysis to improve health outcomes and healthcare delivery.

In COSMIN, she provides scientific coordination for the database, overseeing the selection and inclusion of systematic reviews and offering methodological guidance to ensure consistent identification, classification, and standardisation of measurement instruments.

Former COSMIN Task Forces members

We are grateful to the former Task Force members who helped to build the COSMIN community.

Petter Gustavssonformer Host COSMIN Researchers Club - Europe

Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Petter Gustavsson is a professor of psychology at Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden. Gustavsson’s research focuses on mental health issues among young adults, applying epidemiological designs to study prevalence and evaluate interventions. He teaches both undergraduate and graduate courses in psychometrics and has published several works on psychometric evaluation, utilizing both classical and modern test theories. Additionally, he has collaborated on projects with the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services, using the COSMIN guidelines.

Chengbo ZengFormer host COSMIN Researchers Club - North America

Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Dr. Chengbo Zeng is an Investigator at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and an Instructor at Harvard Medical School. His background includes preventive medicine, epidemiology, biostatistics, and health promotion. His work focuses on the development, refinement, validation, and implementation of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures (PROMs) in routine clinical care and research. In collaboration with colleagues, Dr. Zeng has developed and validated PROMs to evaluate unique concerns, symptoms, and outcomes for the general populations and patients with end-stage liver diseases and liver cancer. In addition, he has extensive experience working with electronic health records (EHR) to query demographic, PRO, and medical data. Leveraging EHR data, Dr. Zeng applies multilevel designs and advanced statistical methodologies to investigate the determinants of nonresponse in PRO in routine cancer care at the patient, provider, and clinic levels, as part of his National Cancer Institute-funded project.

Pip RoijerHost COS (Core Outcome Set) Club

Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands

COSMIN Academy

Sandrine Herbelet

Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Belgium

Advisory Board of COSMIN

Martin OffringaProfessor of Paediatrics

Child Health Evaluative Sciences CHES, Research Institute, The Hospital of Sick Children; Dept. of Paediatrics/ University of Toronto, Canada / iHPME

Dr. Martin Offringa, MD PhD, is a is a neonatologist and Professor of Paediatrics at the University of Toronto’s Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation. A Senior Scientist in the Child Health Evaluative Sciences Program in the Hospital for Sick Children’s Research Institute, his research aims to enhance the design, conduct and reporting of child health clinical trials. He leads an international research group that develops, validates and implements Core Trial Outcome Sets, and research reporting standards for trial outcomes, outcome measurement instruments’ measurement properties, and child health trials. He developed PRISMA-COSMIN, a reporting standard for systematic reviews of outcome measurement instruments.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=offringa+m%5Bau%5D&sort=date&size=200

Christian ApfelbacherProfessor, Director of the Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research

Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research. University Hospital Magdeburg.

Christian Apfelbacher is a Professor of Epidemiology and Health Services Research at the University of Magdeburg, Germany and also Visiting Professor of Health Services Research at Family Medicine & Primary Care, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, NTU Singapore. His background is in public health, medical sociology and health services research. Research interests are centred around the (clinical) epidemiology of skin and allergic diseases, patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures, core outcome sets (COS) for research and practice, health literacy, patient involvement in research and evidence synthesis. He is spokesperson of the research group HELICAP (Health Literacy in Early Childhood Allergy Prevention), funded by the German Research Foundation, and co-leads the Harmonising Outcome Measures in Eczema (HOME), the Hand Eczema Core Outcome Set (HECOS) and the Core Outcome Measures in Food Allergy (COMFA) initiatives. One focus of his research is the development and validation of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for both chronic and acute disease. He has widely used COSMIN systematic review methodology to assess the quality of PROMs in order to inform choice of instrument.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=offringa+m%5Bau%5D&sort=date&size=200

Retired COSMIN Steering committee members

Henrica CW de VetProfessor of Clinimetrics

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center

Prof.dr.ir. Henrica CW de Vet is clinical epidemiologist by training and her focus is on methodological research. She has special expertise on the development and improvement of measurement instruments. She has been involved in the development of internationally-accepted methodological standards of, among others, reporting of diagnostic studies (STARD initiative), the quality of measurement instruments (COSMIN) and economic evaluations (CHEC). In her research she focuses on the measurement of health status and quality of life of patients, but also on quality of health care. She has much expertise on the use of patient reported outcomes in health care research and clinical practice and is involved in the Dutch-Flemish PROMIS group promoting the use of IRT questionnaires in health care settings.

Lex M BouterProfessor of Methodology and Integrity

Amsterdam Public Health research institute VU University and VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Before taking up the current position he was professor of Epidemiology and Rector of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Lex Bouter was involved in COSMIN from its inception and has still a keen interest in clinimetrics and systematic reviews. He is a member of the Steering Committee of the REWARD (REduce research Waste And Reward Diligence) Alliance. He is currently mainly involved in teaching and research regarding responsible conduct of research, questionable research practices and research misconduct. In 2017 he organized and co-chaired the 5th World Conference on Research Integrity in Amsterdam and became chair of the World Conferences on Research Integrity Foundation.

Cecilia A.C. (Sanna) PrinsenAssistant professor in Clinimetrics

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Dr. C.A.C. Prinsen is a clinical epidemiologist by background and the focus of her research is on the standardization of outcome measurement in trials and clinical practice. Sanna has special expertise in the development of Core Outcome Sets (COS). She has been involved in the development of internationally-accepted methodology on COS development (COMET Handbook), in the development of a guideline on how to select outcome measurement instruments for outcomes included in a COS and in the development of a guideline for systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures. Sanna is involved in international initiatives: HOME QoL Working Group, and the Cochrane Skin Group Core Outcomes Set Initiative (CSG-COUSIN) Methods working group. Further, Sanna has co-founded the APH COS focus group initiative in 2017 and it is her mission to improve the quality and quantity of COS development among COS researchers in the Netherlands.

Donald L PatrickProfessor of Health Services

Director of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Program at the University of Washington, Director of the Seattle Quality of Life Group, Seattle, US.

Donald Patrick has received international recognition as a leading developer and user of multiple patient-centered outcome measure measures in application to chronic diseases, adolescence, regulatory assessment, and health equity. He is active in research on health outcomes, health disparities, youth QoL, and people with disabilities. He was lead investigator of the Longitudinal Investigation of Depression Outcomes in six countries. He was a founding member of the WHO quality-of-life instrument development. He is involved in Task Forces and other work for both the International Society for Quality of Life Research, for which he was inaugural president, and the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. He is author of numerous articles and monographs, a classic book written with Pennifer Erickson entitled Health Status and Health Policy and a book with Richard Deyo entitled Hope or Hype: The Obession with Medical Advance and the High Cost of False Promises. He is an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine.

Jordi AlonsoProfessor of Public Health and Head of the Health Services Research Group

Epidemiology and Public Health Program. Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica (IMIM-Hospital del Mar), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Dept. Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.

Jordi Alonso, MD, PhD, is Director of the Program of Epidemiology and Public Health, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) and full professor of Public Health at the Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, and coordinator of the Program on Health Services Evaluation of the Spanish Research Network on Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP).

His research focuses on the measurement of perceived health and its application to evaluate the need for and the effectiveness of mental health services. Dr. Alonso is the European coordinator of the project WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys, a WHO promoted initiative to assess mental disorders and related global burden worldwide. Dr. Alonso is a member of the Board Directors of PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems) , where his committed with its international expansion. Dr. Alonso is the scientific co-director of BiblioPRO, an on-line repository for Patient Reported Outcomes in Spanish, being currently a member of its scientific committee.

Dirk L Knol, Statistician, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Emgo Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center

Paul W Stratford, Professor School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.

Collaboration

Funding

The first Delphi study on the taxonomy and COSMIN checklist (2005-2010), i.e. the study ‘COSMIN: development and evaluation of a checklist to assess the methodological quality of studies on measurement properties’, was financially supported by the EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

We are grateful to ZonMW for their support to develop this website (project number 29385041).

The Delphi study on content validity (2014-2017), the study of the development of the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist, and the development of the COSMIN Study Design checklist was financially supported by the department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

The development of the guideline on how to select outcome measurement instruments for outcomes included in COS has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under grant agreement n° [305081].

The study on the development of the COSMIN checklist for clinician-reported and performance-based outcome measures (2017-2020) is financially supported by ZonMW VENI grant: ‘Measurement in Medicine: choosing and using the best outcome measure’ (dossiernummer 016.176.098).

The project on the development of the COSMIN reporting checklist (2017-2019) will be performed in participation with the University of Michigan, and is financially supported by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI): ‘Development of reporting guidelines for psychometric research on PROMs’ (ME-1606-35556).